Class 12 business studies r.k mahajan pdf download

This chapter also includes Leadership which differentiate from directing. The importance, application and impact of both these aspects are discussed in-depth. Hence students who wish to own a business can get a clear idea of a capable director or a leader. Chapter 8: Controlling. It shows the method of comparing the actual performance with planning module. Through monitoring, an organisation tracks the day-to-day operations and chalks out corrective measure if the operations deviate from the actual planning.

Controlling is also responsible for maintaining and enhancing the quality of the service or product they provide. It is a necessary step to ensure the accuracy of the service. At the bottom of the section, you will find an exercise; solve those problems to score well in the board examination. Chapter 9: Financial Management. The most significant part of the financial category of an organisation comprises capital. A company take up several important decisions to increase its capital. Some factors like shares, debentures, etc.

The ninth chapter of NCERT of business studies class 12, however, deals with all the nitty-gritty of finance and the ways to manage it. A company has to take several critical financial decisions to achieve the financial goal of the same. Skilful management of finances helps to reduce unnecessary expenses and creates the room to generate more capital. Chapter Financial Markets. It is a pivotal and broad aspect of any business. Financial markets comprise banks, business and government.

These bodies of a country find several avenues to channelize the savings for productive uses. For any business, it is mandate to analysis the market very well so that the investments can turn out to be fruitful.

The fundamental business aspects like profit and loss hugely dependent on the financial market. Any minor change in financial market can impact the business to a great extent. Hence it is a necessary topic for students aspiring to start their own business. Chapter Marketing Management.

This chapter of NCERT business studies class 12 deals with all the vital aspects of marketing management. Students need to learn this concept minutely, as based on this basic knowledge you can also opt for higher studies like MBA. Business and market are interrelated in the sense that, the demand of the market determines the future of a business.

Starting from selling aspect to a promotion, this topic covers it all. With the evolving business trend, it is of utmost importance to have a deeper understanding of marketing management. Equipped with robust marketing strategies, a business can prosper in no time. However, for that, you need to study the market really well.

Chapter Consumer Protection. Though consumers are on the receiving end of a business, they are responsible for the sustenance of an organisation. In return, the business owners and Government must look after their interest and demands. Sometimes, customers fall prey to fraudulent activities while purchasing a product or availing a service.

In such a scenario, several acts protect the consumers and resolve their grievances. Keeping this in view, more than a decade ago, a series of 'Xam idea' was launched in all the subjects for classes IX -X However, success of our publication is admittedly due to prudent prolific writers. We have resource-pool of reputed authors, who leave no stone unturned in bringing out the best of study material, which makes our readers versatile in their thought processes and equips them with the exam-oriented acumen.

Thousands of acknowledgments and accolades that we receive every year from our readers are a good testimony to the genuine efforts and trustworthy endeavours of our authors. Changes have been made in the book as per new revised syllabus of CBSE.

The book consists of explanation of the basic concepts of the chapters. Extra questions are also provided in each chapter for better understanding of the concepts. The book also includes Sample Project Work. Model Test Papers have been given at the end of the book for practice, based on the pattern of the exam covering full syllabus. The current edition has certain unique features: Each chapter starts with a To Do list.

It gives the central idea of the chapter and the way it has been addressed. Each chapter is divided into several sections corresponding to different components of the syllabus. Each chapter is splashed with HOTS. This is to promote clarity of the basics. Focus Zones in each chapter present a crux of the concepts.

Blocks in each chapter include matter of special significance. Power Points and Revision Window offer a quick glance of the subject matter. Answers to important questions focus on the technique of writing.

The subject concentrates on principles and concepts that elaborate on the science of management and its significance. They also focus on different business environments as well as functions like planning and organisation. Class 12 Business Studies Revision Notes explains the chapter-wise crucial concepts in a lucid and straightforward manner to help students understand all these concepts thoroughly.

All these concepts are important from Class 12 board exam point of view as many questions appear in the exam from these concepts and by revising these concepts, students can score good marks in Class 12 Business Studies exam. Chapter 1 - Nature And Significance of Management. Definition of Management. Effectiveness v. Characteristics of Management.

Management Objectives. Importance of Management. Chapter 2 - Principles of Management. Nature of Business Management. Significance of Principles of Management.

Principles of Scientific Management. Chapter 3 - Business Environment. Chapter 4 - Planning. Planning Process. Chapter 5 - Organising.